He’s Putin, and he wears his hearing protection however he feels like:
The gun he is pictured above appears to be a Makarov PM variation which is chambered in 9x18mm – wiki page
Another picture from the same range visit:
The above gun is a Stechkin APS – wiki page
Putin has become known as a real outdoors man in recent years, and is often pictured fishing, hunting, horseback riding, and also handling guns at various events such as this:
The Russian hardman took advantage of a tour of the Construction Design Bureau in Tula earlier this week to handle some of the merchandise on display – namely, several very menacing-looking guns. – LINK